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Bayesian inference of stellar parameters and interstellar extinction using parallaxes and multiband photometry
Astrometric surveys provide the opportunity to measure the absolutemagnitudes of large numbers of stars, but only if the individualline-of-sight extinctions are known. Unfortunately, extinction is highlydegenerate with stellar effective temperature when estimated frombroad-band optical/infrared photometry. To address this problem, Iintroduce a Bayesian method for estimating the intrinsic parameters of astar and its line-of-sight extinction. It uses both photometry andparallaxes in a self-consistent manner in order to provide anon-parametric posterior probability distribution over the parameters.The method makes explicit use of domain knowledge by employing theHertzsprung-Russell Diagram (HRD) to constrain solutions and to ensurethat they respect stellar physics. I first demonstrate this method byusing it to estimate effective temperature and extinction from BVJHKdata for a set of artificially reddened Hipparcos stars, for whichaccurate effective temperatures have been estimated from high-resolutionspectroscopy. Using just the four colours, we see the expected strongdegeneracy (positive correlation) between the temperature andextinction. Introducing the parallax, apparent magnitude and the HRDreduces this degeneracy and improves both the precision (reduces theerror bars) and the accuracy of the parameter estimates, the latter byabout 35 per cent. The resulting accuracy is about 200 K in temperatureand 0.2 mag in extinction. I then apply the method to estimate theseparameters and absolute magnitudes for some 47 000 F, G, K Hipparcosstars which have been cross-matched with Two-Micron All-Sky Survey(2MASS). The method can easily be extended to incorporate the estimationof other parameters, in particular metallicity and surface gravity,making it particularly suitable for the analysis of the 109stars from Gaia.
| Interstellar extinction in the vicinity of the North America and Pelican Nebulae. II
The results of photoelectric photometry of 564 stars in the Vilniusseven-color system in three areas near the North America and PelicanNebulae are given. Photometric spectral types, absolute magnitudes,color excesses, interstellar extinction,s and distances to the stars aredetermined. We find that the dark cloud separating both nebulae is at580 pc distance. A number of stars immersed in the dark cloud have beenfound. It seems that the dark cloud extends south down to 40 degdeclination. The area southwest of alpha Cygni in the declination zones42 deg and 43 deg is comparatively transparent at least up to 1 kpc.
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Κύκνος |
| Right ascension: | 20h37m58.68s |
| Declination: | +41°09'19.7" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 8.961 |
| Distance: | 374.532 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | -4.1 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -18.6 |
| B-T magnitude: | 10.063 |
| V-T magnitude: | 9.052 |
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