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Pulkovo compilation of radial velocities for 35495 stars in a common system.
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| The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| On the relationship between the δ Scuti and γ Doradus pulsators
We searched for δ Scuti-type pulsations amongst known andcandidate γ Doradus stars. The motivations for such a project comefrom the need to understand the relationship of these two classes ofpulsator better, from the present poor knowledge of the hot border ofthe γ Doradus phenomenon, and from the exciting prospects forasteroseismology should stars be found which have both types ofpulsation excited. We acquired 270h of observations and monitored atotal of 26 stars. One target, HD 209295, turned out to be a member ofboth classes of pulsating star, but this object is peculiar in the sensethat it is a close binary. We classify six of our targets as new bonafide γ Doradus stars, whereas nine more are good γ Doraduscandidates, and three turned out to be ellipsoidal variables. One of ourprogramme stars was found to be a δ Scuti star, with no additionalγ Doradus variations. Furthermore, one star was already known tobe a bona fide γ Doradus star, and we could not find anunambiguous explanation for the variability of five more stars. Theanalysis of our data together with improved knowledge of stars from theliterature enabled us to revise the blue border of the γ Doradusphenomenon towards cooler temperatures. This new blue edge is muchbetter defined than the previous one and extends from a temperature ofabout 7550K on the ZAMS to 7400K one magnitude above it. Five bona fideγ Doradus stars we observed are located inside the δ Scutiinstability strip, but none of them exhibited observable δ Scutipulsations. We therefore suggest that γ Doradus stars are lesslikely to be δ Scuti pulsators compared with other normal stars inthe same region of the lower instability strip. In addition, we showthat there is a clear separation between the pulsation constants Q ofδ Scuti and γ Doradus stars. The γ Doradus stars knownto date all have Q>0.23d.
| New periodic variables from the Hipparcos epoch photometry
Two selection statistics are used to extract new candidate periodicvariables from the epoch photometry of the Hipparcos catalogue. Theprimary selection criterion is a signal-to-noise ratio. The dependenceof this statistic on the number of observations is calibrated usingabout 30000 randomly permuted Hipparcos data sets. A significance levelof 0.1 per cent is used to extract a first batch of candidate variables.The second criterion requires that the optimal frequency be unaffectedif the data are de-trended by low-order polynomials. We find 2675 newcandidate periodic variables, of which the majority (2082) are from theHipparcos`unsolved' variables. Potential problems with theinterpretation of the data (e.g. aliasing) are discussed.
| The domain of γ Doradus variables in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
70 new γ Doradus candidates were identified from Hipparcosphotometry, which represents more than a doubling of the presently knownnumber. Selecting the objects with good evidence for multiperiodicity,it is found that these stars, together with bona fide members of theclass, occupy a well-defined region in a colour-magnitude diagram. Thisdomain corresponds to a range of 7200-7700K on the zero-age mainsequence (ZAMS) and 6900-7500K one magnitude above it, which partlyoverlaps with the instability strip of δ Scuti stars. For thefirst time, γ Doradus stars can be discussed as a group. They canbe found over a significant fraction of the main sequence lifetimes forobjects in the relevant temperature range. An upper limit on the surfacemetallicity of γ Doradus stars is apparent, which may guide thesearch for their pulsation driving mechanism. The importance of possibleobjects exhibiting both γ Doradus and δ Scuti-typepulsations is discussed.
| Radial velocities, rotations, and duplicity of a sample of early F-type dwarfs
We present new radial and rotational velocities for 595 nearby early Fdwarfs, based on digital spectra cross-correlated with individuallyoptimised synthetic template spectra. The selection of optimumtemplates, the determination of rotational velocities, and theextraction of velocities from the blended spectra of double-linedspectroscopic binaries are discussed in some detail. We find 170spectroscopic binaries in the sample and determine orbits for 18double-lined and 2 single-lined binaries, including some spectroscopictriples. 73 stars are listed with too rapid rotation to yield usefulradial velocities (i.e. v sin i > 120 km~s^-1). We discuss the binaryfrequency in the sample, and the influence of unrecognised binaries onthe definition of clean metallicity groups of young F dwarfs and thedetermination of their kinematical properties. Tables 1, 5 and 6 areonly available, and Tables 2-4 also available in electronic form at theCDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html.
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